Election Commission of India: Current CEC, History aur 2023 Amendment (UPSC GS2)
Janiye Election Commission of India ke bare mein sab kuch - Current CEC Gyanesh Kumar, pehle CEC Sukumar Sen, Article 324, aur 2023 CEC Appointment Amendment ki details.
In this article (5 sections)▼
Election Commission of India (ECI) duniya ke sabse bade loktantra ki reedh ki haddi hai. Iska main kaam yeh ensure karna hai ki desh mein har vote count ho aur har election free aur fair tarike se conduct ho. UPSC GS Paper 2 ke liye ECI ka constitutional framework, uski history, aur current statutory changes samajhna bohot zaroori hai.
Current Election Commission Kon Hai? (26th CEC)
Aaj ke time par, Shri Gyanesh Kumar India ke Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) hain. Unhone 19 February 2025 ko apna charge sambhala, aur wo desh ke 26th CEC bane. Gyanesh Kumar 1988 batch ke Kerala cadre ke IAS officer hain. Inse pehle, Rajiv Kumar (25th CEC) is post par the jinka tenure 18 February 2025 ko khatam hua.
First Election Commissioner aur Pehle Elections
India ke sabse pehle Chief Election Commissioner Shri Sukumar Sen the. Unhone independent India ki massive electoral exercise ki neev rakhi thi. Unhi ki leadership mein India mein pehle aam chunav (general elections) 1951-1952 ke beech start hue the. Yeh desh ki democratic history ka sabse bada moment tha jahan karodon logon ne pehli baar vote daala tha.
Konse Article me Election Commission ki Niyukti Hoti Hai?
Indian Constitution ke Article 324 ke under Election Commission ko power di gayi hai. Article 324 saaf kehta hai ki Parliament, State Legislatures, President, aur Vice-President ke elections ki superintendence, direction, aur control sirf Election Commission ke paas hi rahega.
CEC ko Kaise Hata Sakte Hain? (Removal Process)
Election Commission ki independence banaye rakhne ke liye Constitution ne removal process ko bohot strict banaya hai. Ek Chief Election Commissioner ko uske post se sirf usi tarike aur unhi grounds par hataya ja sakta hai jaise Supreme Court ke Judge ko hataya jata hai. Iske liye Parliament ke dono houses (Lok Sabha aur Rajya Sabha) mein special majority se motion pass hona zaroori hai (on grounds of proved misbehavior or incapacity).
Govt ka 2023 Amendment (CEC Appointment Act 2023)
2023 mein, central government ne ek naya kanoon pass kiya jiska naam The Chief Election Commissioner and Other Election Commissioners (Appointment, Conditions of Service and Term of Office) Act, 2023 hai. Is amendment ne CEC aur ECs ko appoint karne ka poora process change kar diya. Pehle appointments President directly PM ki advice par karte the, but naye rule ke hisaab se:
1. Search Committee: Law Minister ek search committee ko head karte hain jo 5 candidates ki ek panel banati hai. 2. Selection Committee: Ek selection committee final naam decide karke President ko recommend karti hai. Is committee mein 3 log hote hain: - Prime Minister (Chairperson) - Leader of the Opposition (Lok Sabha mein) - Ek Union Cabinet Minister (jise PM nominate karte hain).
UPSC Polity aur Current Affairs ki Revision karein asan bhasha me.
Adhitam AI ke sath apne GS2 concepts ko crystal clear banayein.